Definitions and explanations of culture , subculture , counterculture cultural relativism and ethnocentrismCulture is a complex issue that cash in ones chipss non only to the competence of sociology , but to a fault to a physique of argonas of knowledge like linguistics psychology , public traffic and managerial science . This instrument , culture should be chiefly viewed as a background for human performance yet in the most invisible and subtle daily matters and routines , which atomic number 18 often overlooked by non-scientists , but thoroughly scrutinized by those involved into the related research . Bourdieu defines culture as the cumulative deposit of knowledge , experience , beliefs , values , attitudes meanings , hierarchies , religion , notions of sequence , roles , spatial relations , concepts of the universe , and material objects and possessions acquired by a group of people in the course of coevals with individual and group striving (Bourdieu , 1977 ,. 121 . On the other book , the approach to culture as to a chaos of these components is ab initio erroneous , - on the contrary , all cultures are well-organized and merged , all their components are interrelated and interact in legitimate modes , as appropriate in the situation or settings . Cohen defines culture as a collective programming of the soul that distinguishes the members of one group or category of people from other (Cohen , 1985 br.79 . The scholar therefore solves the question of hierarchy of components : culture is a peculiar code , into which knowledge , beliefs attitudes , material objects and the other constituents are incorporated .The appearance , diversification and elaboration of cultures is associated with the overall culture of humanity , physical perfection of human-being (the growth of brain ) and the section of global community into societies , which naturally needed certain means of distinguishing between the members of their own group from strangers , so that basic intention of culture is safety or survival in habitual (such vital components as phrase and gestures were really determinative in terms of survivalLet s examine the major components of culture in detail .
First of all symbols (Chapter 2 , are signs , understood and taken by the members of certain culture in the same way . Gestures , mimics , body language , symbolic movements - all these aspects of culture belong to symbols . For instance , in Japanese culture , a would-be-geisha , who wishes to prevail in this area , should enter the world of `adult geishas through certain performance in tea house that includes bound or song with further serving tea to guests . In this sense , culture shock is associated with the poor understanding of strange symbols of the culture , to which the traveler or newcomer does not belongLanguage is an supreme form of symbolic dodge , due to its significance and important position in practically each culture . As written in the Chapter 2 , language is a system of symbols that allows people communicate with one another (p . 40 . moreover , language not only allows communication , but also ensures the continuity of culture . Whether spoken or written , language is a cultural heritage in coded form , the keystone to cultural transmission , the process by which one generation passes culture to the next . Just as our bodies...If you want to become a full essay, order it on our website:
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